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Training tracks

Main training tracks :

Generally, these B.A degrees (Maîtrises) comprise three main tracks :

• Language

• Literature

• Civilization
   

1-       Language

The language study aims to deepen the linguistic capabilities, theoretical as well as practical, of the student by exploring the following disciplines :

• Grammar

• Comprehension : study of texts drawn from newspapers, reviews, literary works, etc... in order to explain the functioning of the language

• Composition : writing exercises in various situations (argumentation, description, dialogue…)

• Phonetics : theoretical and practical study of the pronunciation (practical works in language laboratories)

• Translation : in many cases, the student can choose, as main language, between Arabic and French

• Applied language : Some B.A degrees in languages have recently introduced modules of applied language (for instance : commerce and business language, sciences language, etc…).

In the second cycle, the study of the language gives an initiation to linguistics and stylistics.

2-       Literature

The teaching of literature gives mainly an opportunity for the student to read a vast corpus of chosen works. This will enrich vocabulary, consolidate knowledge about the functioning of the language and help to acquire the linguistic reflex necessary to the comprehension and the composition. Then, the literature courses aim to give the student the tools of analysis and assessment, allowing him to take a critical attitude while confronting the ideas, experiences and the sentiments expressed in the literary works. The study of literature doesn't aim to turn the student into a poet, writer or playwright. It, rather, initiates him to literary criticism and enables him to appreciate and assess texts of vast human value. Likewise, the study of literature is tightly linked to the study of the language.

In the first year, and apart from the specific case of Arabic, the teaching begins by the initiation to three literary genres (novel, theater, poetry), on the basis of a choice of short texts or entire works. The training is, mainly, made of textual reading.

From the second year on, the study of entire works leads the student to discover either interesting literary periods or literary movements in the concerned cultural area.

For the assessment of the knowledge, the student should, at first, answer questions of textual interpretation. Then, he may be asked to write a dissertation on a given theme or to produce a textual commentary.

3-       Civilization

The civilization comprises a large variety of under-disciplines, aiming to make better known the culture, the lifestyles and the institutions of the geographic area in which the language is spoken. Sometimes, it's a matter of the culture of a single country, as is the case for Italian. More frequently, the civilization includes several regions, as is the case of English (United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, United States, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Anglophone Africa, India, etc…).

The study of the civilization comprises generally the following fields :

• The daily life
• The political and administrative institutions
• The history
• The geography
• The society

In certain cases, notably in the second cycle, the study of the civilization extends to pointed questions, such as the education system, the economy, the history of art, and so on…

In general, civilization is taught in lectures, illustrated sometimes by the study of documents, notably texts or visual media (reproduction of a painting, photography…).